Human exposure to electromagnetic fields

Goals

The objectives of the training Human exposure to electromagnetic fields :

Identify the risks of biological and health effects of electromagnetic fields on people.
Implement the necessary protective measures to comply with regulations.

The aim of this training course is to:

• Master the basic restrictions (VLE) and action values (VA)


• Be able to take regulatory requirements into account


• Understand magnetic and electric field measurement methods according to the ANFR protocol


• Know and adapt the various means of protection

Program

1/ Physical quantities
Electric field and displacement (E and D)
Magnetic field and induction (H and B)
Impedancewave impedance (Zc)
Permittivity (µ) and permittivity (ε)
Impedance of biological tissues
Contact currents and induced current
Power surface density
Specific absorption rate (SAR)
Specific absorption energy (SAE)
Antenna gain and wave plane
Field attenuation with distance


2/ Biological effects
Biological and health effects
Actions against health risks
Presentation of the ICNIRP
Risk assessment method
Legal and technical definitions
ICNIRP protection classes
Proven biological effects
Heating measures
Effects of current according to frequency
Effects of E or H according to frequency
Field penetration into tissue
Acoustic effect of a pulse
Non-thermal effects
Various types of studies
Main scientific results
Difficulties of an epidemiological study
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity
Modulated or pulsed fields
Exposure limit values


3/ Reference levels and limit values
European regulations
Basic restrictions (VLE)
Distinction between the general public and workers
Low and high VA for workers
Overview of VA
Variation in SAR with frequency
Exceedance of sensory ELVs
Induced current density
Equivalent pulse frequency
Power integration time
Action currents
Reference fields
Assessment of multiple exposure
Case of medical implants
Limits of peak values
Evolution of levelsICNIRP
Regulation and standardisation
European Directive 1999/519/EC
French Decree 2016/1074 of 3 August 2016
European Directive 2013/35/EU
Main regulatory texts
Some product standards
Summary and risks of confusion

4/ Exposure measurements

Measurement of magnetic fields

Low-frequency field meter

Passive antenna with ICNIRP response

Measurement of HF electric fields

Field meter measurement precautions

Power density measurement

SAR measurement using a phantom

ANFR V3 measurement protocolANFR V3

Evolution of the protocol

Public safety perimeter

Radar-type pulsed field measurement

Measurement uncertainties and difficulties

Typical measurement report

The case of high-voltage power lines

The case of Linky smart meters

Radio pylons and shared sites

Risk assessment of a machine

5/ Working in strong fields

ETSI report 101 870

Classification/training of workers

Field monitoring method

Limit distance method

Access restriction by zoning

Individual " Individual dosimeters

High-field environments

The case of MRI

Conformity assessment EN 50499

Protective clothing

Marking and logo

DREP 302 143 instruction

Marking of a radio site

Examples of zoning

Example of information leaflet

STANAG 2345 medical form

Bibliography and websites