Radio frequency solutions integration

Goals

The objectives of the training Radio frequency solutions integration :

Understand all the factors to consider when adding wireless radio transmission to electronic equipment.

The aim of this training course is to:

• Be able to understand the specific characteristics of radio propagation


• Be familiar with current technologies and solutions on the market


• Have a good understanding of the environment and regulatory constraints specific to wireless solutions


• Analyse integration precautions in schematic design and CAD development


• Understand and master the issues and solutions involved in antenna design and integration

Program

1/ Basics and definitions
Radio transmission
Radio propagation & decibel
Radio propagation & balance
Radio propagation
Radio propagation: environmental losses
Radio propagation: multiple paths
Polarisation of a wave


2/ RF spectrum analyser + Demo
The spectrum analyser: pitfalls
Automatic RBW
ISM frequency bands: Sub-Giga (HF)
ISM frequency bands: Up-Giga (VHF-UHF)
ISM frequency bands: Up-Giga (SHF-EHF)
ISM frequency bands: Interest in specific bands
Prohibited bands
Technical solutions: Transmitter: Pilot & PLL
Technical solutions: Transmitter: Enemy of the VCO
Technical solutions: Transmitter: I/Q modulation – 1
Technical solutions: Transmitter: I/Q modulation – 2
Technical solutions: Receiver: I/Q demodulator
Technical solutions: Receiver: Homodyne synoptic
Technical solutions: Receiver: Mixer
Technical solutions: Receiver: Heterodyne synoptic
Impedance matching – 1
Impedance matching – 2
Impedance matching and Smith chart
Transmission lines & characteristic impedance


3/ Transmission lines Transmission lines & characteristic impedance
Microstrip structure
Transmission lines & matching
S parameters
The vector network analyser


4/ Modulations, protocols & standards
Simple digital modulations
Digital filtering
Composite digital modulations
Protocols: Software stack
The typical radio frame
Error detection and management
Channel access and collisions


5/ Modulations, spectral congestion
NFC / RFID (nfc-forum) @ 13.56 MHz
Bluetooth 2.1 (bluetooth.com & org)
Bluetooth Low Energy
Bluetooth 4.2, 5
802.15.4 / Zigbee
802.11x: WIFI
LPD / ISM – The WMBus standard
Standards in force & subtleties…


6/ Standards, compliance & application
Regulatory hierarchy
Guiding texts: the main points of REC 70.03
Radio: EN 300-220
Radio: EN 300-328
Harmfulness & Health directive
Équipements sous « Authorisation to emit
EN 300-113 (v2.1.0) & various
Dedicated EMC Radio: EN 301-489-x (V3.1.0)
The Americas: FCC & derivatives
The Asian puzzle


7/ Technical solutions - Design
Chips or modules
Schematic integration of a transmitter
Inductors, quartz, SAW RX band filters
RF filtering of signals and power supplies
PCB CAD
Validation – Functional
Spectrum spreading - Basic principle
Spectrum spreading - FHSS, DSSS, OFDM
Improved link budget - Space diversity
Improved link budget - Polarisation diversity
Improved link budget – Frequency diversity


8/ Market solutions, Low power & LPWAN
Integrated solutions – Market overview
Integrated solutions – Component limitations
Integrated solutions – RF frequency reference
Integrated solutions – Key Specification Elements
Low Power Application
LPWAN / ISM @ 868 MHz


9/ Antennas
Integrated quarter-wave antennas

Integrated antennas

Printed antennas

Ceramic antennas

Design and simulation

Design: discrete antennas