Electronic map tracing

Goals

The objectives of the training Electronic map tracing :

Take into account all key EMC parameters for electronic card routing.

The aim of this training course is to:

• Be able to avoid recurring layout and routing errors


• Be able to analyse different couplings


• Be able to master the routing of masses, power supplies and sensitive tracks


• Understand where and how to place protection and filtering components


• Understand the routing of impedance-controlled high-speed links

Program

1/ Introduction
• EMC characterisation of equipment
• Common mode/differential mode
• Representation of a sinusoidal/trapezoidal signal
• Time-frequency analogy
• Evolution of printed circuits
• Management and planning of a printed circuit


2/ Masses and power supplies
• Common impedance coupling
• Impedance of a ground plane
• Return of HF currents
• Slot in a ground plane
• Impedance of a printed circuit board track
• Star power supply
• Analogue power distribution
• Multilayer decoupling
• Power mesh
• Maximum track current
• Power supply noise
• Capacitor impedance
• Multilayer decoupling
• Ground plane/power plane
• Flex
• Mixed analogue/digital boards
• Galvanic isolation
• Connecting 0V to the chassis


3/ Sensitive tracks
• Principle of capacitive coupling between board and chassis
• Total capacitance between card and ground plane
• Parasitic capacitance of tracks
• Guard ring
• Mechanical and thermal effect on voltage reference
• Optimal distribution of CIP layers
• Routing of sensitive tracks
• Shorten the sensitive side
• Component layout
• Example layout
• Track-to-track coupling
• Screen track
• Crosstalk in backplanes
• What is a field?
• Induced voltage in loops
• Reducing the surface area of loops


4/ Electronics radiation
• Radiation from a small loop
• The two types of electronics radiation
• Clock layout
• Controlling vertical paths
• Radiation from card edges / Backplane
• Layout and tracing of tracks
• Origin of common mode current


5/ Input/output protection
• Capacitive filtering of inputs/outputs
• Errors to avoid
• Filter layout and routing
• Input-output crosstalk filters
• Routing of differential links


6/ Transmission lines
• Definitions
• Impulse reflection line
• Signal shapes
• The eye diagram
• Eye open and closed
• Line topologies
• When should a line be adapted?
• Differential links
• Propagation speed and delay
• Greek delay
• Calculation of characteristic impedance
• RF Calc
• Stub effect
• Distributed impedance matching
• Backplane problem


7/ Influence of manufacturing
• Manufacturing tolerance
• Increased copper losses due to roughness
• Tropicalisation and circuit protection